Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) refers to an approach that analyses and solves problems that involve fluid flows.Continue Reading

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling refers to the simulation of fluid and/or gases based on the principles of fluid mechanics, utilising numerical methods and algorithms.Continue Reading

Normally sound below 85dB would be acceptable for exposure of 8hrs/day. Noise above 140dB can be considered intrusive and normally not acceptable at any time without PPE.Continue Reading

dB = 10*log10(P1/P2) where P are relative power or soundContinue Reading

The method and instrument to be used is depending on the aim of the noise measurement. For personnel exposure, Dosimeter, Integrating Sound Level Meter or Sound Level Meter can be used. For Noise Survey or Noise Level Generated by Noise Source, ISLM or SLM can be used.Continue Reading

A noise assessment is an examination of the nature and characteristics of noise.Continue Reading

Noise is an unwanted sound, this is depending on the receiver’s perspective and circumstances. It can be an unpleasant background sound, loud, or disruptive sound.Continue Reading

Acoustic-Induced Vibration (AIV) is structural vibration excited by intense acoustic pressure in a piping system and pressure reducing devices, whilst Flow-Induced Vibration (FIV) is the result of turbulence in the process fluid which occurs due to major flow discontinuities.Continue Reading

Mitigations against FIV are as follows: Increase the diameter of the pipe or pipe size to reduce the fluid velocity Increase pipe wall thickness to increase system rigidity Provide a better support configuration by increasing the number of support Adding viscous damper, snubber, shock arrestor or other vibration reducers to the piping system as a...Continue Reading

Flow-Induced Vibration (FIV) is the result of turbulence in the process fluid, which occurs due to major flow discontinuities such as bends, tees, reducer, partially closed valves, branch connections and small-bore connections.Continue Reading