Integrated Risk Management, Process Safety Management, Technical Risk Management

15 Critical FPSO Process Safety and Risk Concepts Often Misunderstood: A Reference Checklist

FPSO process safety and risk concepts are most useful when they are tied to specific major-accident scenarios and measurable barrier performance. For hydrocarbon process hazards, loss of primary containment is a common top event, but FPSO risk also includes collision, loss of station keeping, stability, structural, and marine events. This guide explains 15 concepts teams...

Feature, Technical Risk Management

When Should a Gas Dispersion Study Be Updated? MOC and Brownfield Revalidation Triggers

When Should a Gas Dispersion Study Be Updated? Revalidate a gas dispersion study whenever a change could invalidate the release, dispersion, geometry, environmental, or receptor assumptions used in the original model. Typical triggers include higher pressure or throughput, a new hazardous substance, added congestion or confinement, relocated vents, changes to HVAC or occupied areas, detector...

Feature, Integrated Risk Management, Process Safety, Technical Risk Management

FPSO Risk Assessment by Project Stage: Safety Studies from Concept and FEED to First Oil and Operations

Which Safety Studies Does an FPSO Project Need? FPSO safety studies typically progress from broad hazard identification and concept risk screening to detailed hazard analysis, quantitative risk assessment, fire and explosion assessment, safeguard verification and operational readiness. Depending on project stage, design maturity, regulatory regime and risk profile, the programme may include HAZID, HAZOP, QRA, FERA,...

Feature, Technical Risk Management

When Is 3D CFD Gas Dispersion Modelling Required? A Decision Framework for FEED, Detailed Design and Brownfield Projects

Summary: When is 3D CFD required in gas dispersion modelling? 3D CFD isn’t usually named as a legal requirement. UK and Australian rules apply the ALARP principle instead; US rules ask for a documented hazard analysis; Norway’s NORSOK standards build CFD into recognised offshore practice, though they’re industry standards, not statutes. In practice, CFD becomes...

EERA - Escape Evacuation and Rescue for offshore facilities

Feature, Technical Risk Management

EERA for Offshore Oil & Gas Facilities: How to Prove Personnel Can Reach Safety

Summary: EERA—Evacuation, Escape and Rescue Analysis—tests whether offshore personnel can respond to a major accident, reach a suitable muster area or Temporary Refuge, and leave or escape the installation with a credible prospect of recovery and rescue. In the UK, PFEER regulation 5 requires this assessment and measurable performance standards for each credible scenario. It...

Hazardous Area Classification in oil and gas_SynergenOG

Design and Engineering, Feature, Loss Prevention

Hazardous Area Classification in Oil and Gas: Zones, Standards, Process, and Common Mistakes

Summary: Hazardous area classification (HAC) identifies locations where flammable gas, vapour, mist, or combustible dust can form an explosive atmosphere. It classifies areas as Zone 0, Zone 1, Zone 2, or dust Zones 20, 21, and 22 based on release likelihood, duration, ventilation and material properties. A defensible HAC study supports Ex equipment selection, ignition...

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