Question 1

What are the elements of a risk assessment?

Accepted Answer

Elements of risk assessments are:

 	Identify Hazard
 	Assess Hazard
 	Control Risks
 	Review Risk

Question 2

What are the principles of risk assessment?

Accepted Answer

Hazard Identification (HAZID), Assessment of Hazard and Risk, Control of Risk, and Review of the control effectiveness are the principles of Risk Assessment.

Question 3

What are the benefits of risk assessment?

Accepted Answer

Some of the benefits of Risk Assessment include maximising safety at minimum cost, helping to aid in decision making, calculating risk exposure and insurance requirements, as well as fulfilling certain legal requirements.

Question 4

When should you do a risk assessment?

Accepted Answer

Risk assessment can be conducted following the identification of major accident hazards within the facility. The Risk Assessment can be revisited in the event of a major change such as new machines, substances, and processes that could potentially lead to a major accident.

Question 5

What is quantitative risk assessment?

Accepted Answer

Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) is a formal and methodical method to estimate the likelihood and consequence of potential hazards that could lead to major accidents. The output from this assessment is expressed quantitatively as a risk to personnel/human, environment, or financial loss. Critical assumptions and risk driving elements are also identified to assess the robustness and validity of the results.

Question 6

What are the types of quantitative risk assessment?

Accepted Answer

There are many types of quantitative risk assessment methods available. Here are some of the most used methods:

 	Probabilistic risk assessment
 	Risk-based models
 	Event tree analysis
 	Fault tree analysis
 	Scenario-based analysis
 	Vulnerability assessment
 	Frequency number (FN) curves

Question 7

How do you do a quantitative risk assessment?

Accepted Answer

Quantitative risk assessment is summarised in these steps:

Hazard Identification, to determine hazard and categorisation of MAH

Release Frequency Analysis, to calculate the total release frequency for all release scenario through part counts

Consequence Modelling, to model the consequences (JF, FF, PF, EX)

Event Tree Analysis, to determine the potential end event likelihood

Risk Assessment, to estimate the fire impairment and personnel risk during the loss of containment

Question 8

What is safety case development?

Accepted Answer

The development of a safety case involves the effective identification, evaluation and control of potential hazards, as well as a positive argument to justify the various choices that have been made to provide for the facility's safety.

A key consideration of the safety case system is the “ALARP” concept, which requires employers to reduce the risk of hazards to As Low As Reasonably Practicable. “Reasonably practicable” roughly means ‘reasonably possible without undue disproportionate economic cost for the minimal benefit to safety.”

Question 9

How do you make a safety case?

Accepted Answer

The development of a safety case involves the effective identification, evaluation and control of potential hazards, as well as a positive argument to justify the various choices that have been made to provide for the facility's safety.

A key consideration of the safety case system is the “ALARP” concept, which requires employers to reduce the risk of hazards to As Low As Reasonably Practicable. “Reasonably practicable” roughly means ‘reasonably possible without undue disproportionate economic cost for the minimal benefit to safety.”

Question 10

What is an HSE safety case?

Accepted Answer

A safety case is a written demonstration of evidence and due diligence provided by a corporation to demonstrate that it has the ability to operate a facility safely and can effectively control hazards.

A key consideration of the safety case system is the “ALARP” concept, which requires employers to reduce the risk of hazards to As Low As Reasonably Practicable. “Reasonably practicable” roughly means 'reasonably possible without undue disproportionate economic cost for the minimal benefit to safety.'

Question 11

Why are safety cases important?

Accepted Answer

A safety case will help to drive the applicant to meet its public safety objectives and provide for accountability in doing so. All stakeholders (including the regulator) need to have confidence that applicants have carefully thought through and tested how they will keep the public safe. An effective safety case will give confidence to all parties that the applicant is committed to having an operation that carefully considers and manages the risks to public safety, and that they have the capability and capacity to do so.

Question 12

Who needs a safety case?

Accepted Answer

Organisations that operate facilities with major hazards that could cause catastrophic damage to health, safety, and the environment are commonly required to submit a safety case.

Question 13

What is a safety case advisor?

Accepted Answer

A Safety Case Advisor is responsible for supporting the Safety Case Manager in developing, maintaining and reviewing the Safety Case for their area.

Question 14

What is operational safety case?

Accepted Answer

Operational safety case is a document that consist the information for an installation to demonstrate that there are effective means for ensuring a safe operation throughout facility life. In addition, safety case ensures a comprehensive hazard management process implemented to demonstrate risk has been reduced to As Low As Reasonably Practical (ALARP).

Question 15

What is safety case in functional safety?

Accepted Answer

A safety case is a document which provides a clear and comprehensive argument , supported by evidence to demonstrate that a system is acceptably safe to operate in a particular environment.

Exploring the 5 Principles of Risk Assessment: In Detail

Risk Assessment in the Oil and Gas Industry: An Overview

Incident Investigation: Finding Root Causes and Ensure Workplace Safety

HAZID Vs. HAZOP: Understanding Two Major Hazard Identification Tools in Detail

Process Safety Metrics for Incident Prevention and Performance Enhancement

Navigating Hazards: Importance of Safety Cases in the Oil & Gas Industry