performance requirements/standards are verifiable requirements related to barrier element properties to ensure that the barrier is effective. They can include aspects such as capacity, functionality, effectiveness, integrity, reliability, availability, ability to withstand loads, robustness, expertise and mobilization time.Continue Reading

SCEs are defined as equipment or structure whose failure will either cause or contribute to the MAH, or the purpose of which is to prevent, detect, control or mitigate a potential MAH. This information is usually available in Bow-Tie reports or Safety Case studies.Continue Reading

The elements from the Safety Critical Elements are: Structural Integrity Process Containment Ignition Control Protection Systems Detection Systems Shutdown Systems Emergency Response LifesavingContinue Reading

SCEs are the barriers (such as equipment, systems, or structures) that are in place to prevent or limit the effect of a major accident.Continue Reading

Hazard, Top Event, Threat, Consequence, Prevention/ Mitigation Barrier, Escalation Factor, Escalation Factor Control of a specific MAH.Continue Reading

BowTies are a pictorial representation of the relationship between potential threats, preventive/ control barriers in place and the ultimate consequences associated with each MAH.Continue Reading

1. Personnel not really familiar with the risk terms 2. Personnel lack of understanding of the organisation, function or process being risk assessed 3. The organisation culture is unsupportive towards the risk management implementation 4. The responsibility and ownership of the risk implementation action is unclear 5. How the risk should be communicatedContinue Reading

The barrier model presents the barriers in place to prevent unwanted events from taking place as well as to protect against their consequences.Continue Reading

A barrier is present between a threat and its unwanted consequences due to a chain of events. It can either eliminate the threat or prevent the consequences of it.Continue Reading

An operational barrier is a human action or response that activates a physical barrier to bring back the process from an abnormal state to a normal state, thereby enhancing the total system reliability.Continue Reading