The water demand is measured in lpcd i.e. litres per capita per day. Per capita here represents per person. Hence, lpcd is the amount of water required per person per day in litres. Lpcd is calculated by the formula below: 1 lpcd = [Total Yearly Consumption or Population ]/ [ 360 x Design Population]Continue Reading

The volume of a rectangle tank = LxWxH The volume of a cylindrical tank = pi x r^2 x h The volume of the holding vessel times the density of water expressed in gallons per cubic foot (7.48 gal/cu) will give the fire water capacity.Continue Reading

The firewater deluge demand is then calculated as Q = A × W where: Q=Flow required to protect the exposure area of the vessel (l/min) A= Exposed surface area (m^2) W=Application rate for exposure cooling (l/min/m^2)Continue Reading

The firewater demand calculation is carried out to determine the quantity of firewater required for a firewater system to provide sufficient demand for firefighting and exposure protection within a facility.Continue Reading

Locations that have been determined to be hazardous or non-hazardous. For hazardous areas, the location can be further classified according to Class, Divison and Group.Continue Reading

A drawing that presents or shows the classification of hazardous areas.Continue Reading

Class 1: Locations in which flammable gases or vapors may or may not be in sufficient quantities to produce explosive or ignitable mixtures. Division 2: indicates that the hazardous material has a low probability of producing an explosive or ignitable mixture and is present only during abnormal conditions for a short period of time.Continue Reading

Class I—Locations in which flammable gases or vapors may or may not be insufficient quantities to produce explosive or ignitable mixtures. Class II—Locations in which combustible dust (either in suspension, intermittently, or periodically) may or may not be insufficient quantities to produce explosive or ignitable mixtures. Class III—Locations in which ignitable fibres may or may...Continue Reading

Determines the existence and extent of hazardous locations in a facility containing any flammable and combustible chemicals where explosive atmospheres may occur. Provides the details of Hazardous and Non-Hazardous areas in the facility which helps in identifying the possibility of risks such as Fire and Explosion. Following terms are all synonymous to EAC; – Hazardous...Continue Reading

Fires and Explosions – a major concern in offshore / oil rigs, considering the sensitive and confined environment. Any ignition source i.e. spark, unexpected rise in well pressure, etc. can trigger catastrophic fires and blowout-type explosions. Fall-related Accidents, man overboard, etc Dropped objects Transportation limitation – in case of accidents that require immediate treatment and...Continue Reading